Desmitificación del uso medicinal de la marihuana: argumentos médicos, científicos y sociales en contra de su legalización

Martín Nizama-Valladolid

doi:10.35663/amp.2017.343.410

Martín Nizama-Valladolid Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú

DOI: https://doi.org/10.35663/amp.2017.343.410

Abstract

El consumo de marihuana es un tema controversial, aún más con la intensa campaña global para legalizarlo, argumentando sus beneficios medicinales; ocultándose sus efectos adictivos. El presente trabajo explica cómo esta droga afecta la estructura y funcionamiento del sistema nervioso. Los neurotransmisores involucrados en el proceso adictivo como la dopamina, involucrada con la sensación de placer, los receptores cannabinoides CB1 y CB2 con mayor distribución en el sistema nervioso central y periférico, respectivamente, los cuales además están asociados a alteraciones de la motivación y habilidades cognitivas. Hay variada información que refuerza la asociación entre el uso de marihuana y el debut o recaída de los trastornos psiquiátricos. La APA (American Psychiatry Association) considera que la marihuana no es beneficiosa para el tratamiento de trastornos psiquiátricos, además advierte que su uso afecta el neurodesarrollo.

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Author Biography

Martín Nizama-Valladolid, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú

Dirección Ejecutiva de Investigación, Docencia y Atención Especializada de Adicciones del Instituto Nacional de Salud Mental “Honorio Delgado- Hideyo Noguchi”. Lima, Perú. Facultad de Medicina Alberto Hurtado, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú. Facultad de Medicina de San Fernando; Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Lima, Perú. Médico Psiquiatra. Médico especialista en Adicciones. Doctor en medicina. Docente.

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